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gapA [2018-01-23 12:50:01]
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gapA [2018-01-23 12:50:01]

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent, glycolytic enzyme, forms a transhydrogenation cycle with [protein|C1B89BD3DD27CD566018558D3A7845FB451056F0|GapB] for balancing of NADPH
locus
BSU33940
pI
5.03
mw
35.68 kDa
protein length
335 aa Sequence Blast
gene length
1005 bp Sequence Blast
function
catabolic enzyme in glycolysis
product
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
essential
Yes
ec
1.2.1.12
synonyms
Outlinks
KEGGBsubCycSubtiListUniProtExpression Browser

Genomic Context

      

categories

  • [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2|Carbon metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1|Carbon core metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1.1|Glycolysis]
  • [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.1|Essential genes]
  • [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.1|Phosphorylation on an Arg residue]
  • [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.8|Phosphorylation on either a Ser, Thr or Tyr residue]

    • Gene

    Coordinates
    3,481,698 → 3,482,705

    Phenotypes of a mutant

  • Essential [Pubmed|17114254]

    • The protein

    Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

  • D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate phosphate NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate NADH (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • This reaction is part of the glycolysis.

    • Protein family

  • glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

    • Paralogous protein(s)

  • [protein|C1B89BD3DD27CD566018558D3A7845FB451056F0|GapB]

    • Kinetic information

  • Michaelis-Menten [Pubmed|10799476]

    • Modification

  • phosphorylated on Arg-199 [Pubmed|22517742]
  • Phosphorylation on (Ser-148 OR Ser-151 OR Thr-153 OR Thr-154) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/17218307 PubMed1], [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17726680 PubMed2]
  • Reversible thiol modifications after exposure to toxic quinones [Pubmed|18673455]
  • Cys152-Cys156 form intramolecular disulfide in response to disulfide stress (diamide, NaOCl-stress) [Pubmed|21749987]

    • [SW|Cofactors]

  • NAD+ (does not accept NADP+) [Pubmed|10799476]

    • Structure

  • [PDB|1GD1] (from ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'')
  • [PDB|1NQO] (from ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'', mutant with cys 149 replaced by ser, complex with NAD und D-Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate)

    • [SW|Localization]

  • cytoplasm (Homogeneous) [Pubmed|16479537] [Pubmed|14600241]
  • loosely membrane associated [Pubmed|18763711]

    • Additional information

  • GAP dehydrogenases from different sources (incl. ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'') were shown to cleave RNA ([Pubmed|12359717])
  • Moreover, mutations in ''gapA'' from ''B. subtilis'' can suppress mutations in genes involved in DNA replication ([Pubmed|17505547]).
  • extensive information on the structure and enzymatic properties of GapA can be found at [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate_Dehydrogenase Proteopedia]
  • belongs to the 100 [SW|most abundant proteins] [PubMed|15378759]
  • the protein is stable under both glycolytic and gluconeogenic conditions [pubmed|28760849]

    • Expression and Regulation

    Operons

    genes
    [gene|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|cggR]-[gene|EB6512177418B1601C6641FB2DEE99C2CD10E671|gapA]-[gene|ECF0F2E906BF94F509817752827CA189AFBE53FE|pgk]-[gene|0B5E910DC94463E34ABD393E3A8F20191E4A38B2|tpi]-[gene|C86FB523451AC172A20801829B717E5A5F914211|pgm]-[gene|67651D5D3122A89F57F9E7D49074C82A8990A277|eno]
    description
    [Pubmed|11489127]

    sigma factors

  • [protein|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA]: sigma factor, [Pubmed|11489127], in [regulon|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA regulon]

    • regulatory mechanism

  • [protein|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR]: repression, [Pubmed|11489127], in [regulon|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR regulon]

    • regulation

  • expression induced by glycolytic intermediates ([protein|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR]) [protein|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR] [Pubmed|11489127]
  • the mRNA is processed between [gene|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|cggR] and [gene|EB6512177418B1601C6641FB2DEE99C2CD10E671|gapA] by [protein|872CCB5A49C9000BD95E4B0472556D5F60F7D7A4|RNase Y], this requires the [protein|EE52DFA35B935E551871D079A9BE877DB2001A3B|YmcA]-[protein|6C9A092F38739A3759793EF8B496569CD02C2E3F|YlbF]-[protein|EBD15C174A03B7FCDFFE4C5DB5D86E93F1B9CAC4|YaaT] complex [Pubmed|29794222]
    • view in new tab

    genes
    [gene|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|cggR]-[gene|EB6512177418B1601C6641FB2DEE99C2CD10E671|gapA]
    description
    [Pubmed|11489127]

    sigma factors

  • [protein|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA]: sigma factor, [pubmed|11489127], in [regulon|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA regulon]

    • regulatory mechanism

  • [protein|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR]: repression, [pubmed|11489127], in [regulon|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR regulon]

    • regulation

  • expression induced by glucose (10 fold) ([protein|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR]) [Pubmed|12850135,12622823]
  • the mRNA is processed between [gene|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|cggR] and [gene|EB6512177418B1601C6641FB2DEE99C2CD10E671|gapA] by [protein|872CCB5A49C9000BD95E4B0472556D5F60F7D7A4|RNase Y], this requires the [protein|EE52DFA35B935E551871D079A9BE877DB2001A3B|YmcA]-[protein|6C9A092F38739A3759793EF8B496569CD02C2E3F|YlbF]-[protein|EBD15C174A03B7FCDFFE4C5DB5D86E93F1B9CAC4|YaaT] complex [Pubmed|29794222]
    • view in new tab

    Biological materials

    Mutant

  • GP592 (''gapA''::''cat''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]
  • GP597 (''gapA''::''erm''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]
  • GP703 (''gapA''::''cat'' ''[gene|C1B89BD3DD27CD566018558D3A7845FB451056F0|gapB]''::''spec''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]
  • GM1501 (under p(spac) control), available in [SW|Stephane Aymerich]'s lab
  • 1A1003 ( ''gapA''::''erm''), available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A1003&Search=1A1003 BGSC]

    • Expression vector

  • pGP1424 (expression in ''B. subtilis'', in [SW|pBQ200]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab)
  • pGP90 (N-terminal Strep-tag, for [SW|SPINE], purification from ''B. subtilis'', in [SW|pGP380]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab), [pubmed|19193632]
  • pGP704 (N-terminal His-tag, in [SW|pWH844]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab)

    • lacZ fusion

  • pGP506 (in [protein|search|pAC7]), pGP512 (in [protein|search|pAC6]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab)

    • two-hybrid system

  • ''B. pertussis'' adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([SW|BACTH]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [pubmed|19193632]

    • Antibody

  • available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab [pubmed|12634343]

    • Labs working on this gene/protein

  • [SW|Stephane Aymerich], Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, INRA Paris-Grignon, France
  • [SW|Jörg Stülke], University of Göttingen, Germany
  • [http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~genmibio/stuelke.html homepage]

    • References

    Reviews

  • 11163353,27750368,28271485

    • Original publications

  • 22517742,23420519,22740702,23034808,21815947,21749987,12850135,19193632,18673455,20444087,17726680,16479537,12622823,12359717,10799476,17505547,11489127,12123463,17218307,12634343,17142398,17114254,10559165,15378759,27449348,28760849,28818119